Which of the Following Art Forms Provides Group Experiences?

Art forms in which the body is used to convey artistic expression

Dance is a type of performing art practiced all over the world.

The performing arts are arts such as music, dance, and drama which are performed for an audience.^[one] It is different from visual arts, which is the apply of pigment, sheet or diverse materials to create concrete or static art objects. Performing arts include a range of disciplines which are performed in front of a live audience, including theatre, music, and trip the light fantastic toe.

Theatre, music, dance and object manipulation, and other kinds of performances are nowadays in all human cultures. The history of music and dance date to pre-historic times whereas circus skills date to at least Aboriginal Egypt. Many performing arts are performed professionally. Performance tin be in purpose built buildings, such as theatres and opera houses, on open air stages at festivals, on stages in tents such equally circuses and on the street.

Alive performances before an audience are a form of amusement. The development of sound and video recording has immune for individual consumption of the performing arts. The performing arts often aims to express i'due south emotions and feelings.^[2]

Performers [edit]

Performing artists in Kyoto, Japan

Artists who participate in performing arts in front of an audience are called performers. Examples of these include actors, comedians, dancers, magicians, circus artists, musicians, and singers. Performing arts are likewise supported by workers in related fields, such equally songwriting, choreography and stagecraft. Performers often adapt their appearance, such as with costumes and stage makeup, phase lighting, and sound.

Types [edit]

Performing arts may include dance, music, opera, theatre and musical theatre, magic, illusion, mime, spoken word, puppetry, circus arts, professional person wrestling and functioning art.

There is as well a specialized course of fine art, in which the artists perform their piece of work alive to an audience. This is called performance art. Virtually performance art also involves some grade of plastic fine art, perhaps in the cosmos of props. Dance was often referred to as a plastic art during the Modernistic trip the light fantastic era.^[3]

Theatre [edit]

Theatre is the branch of performing arts concerned with interim out stories in front of an audience, using a combination of spoken language, gesture, music, dance, sound, and spectacle. Any i or more of these elements is considered performing arts. In add-on to the standard narrative dialogue fashion of plays, theater takes such forms as plays, musicals, opera, ballet, illusion, mime, classical Indian dance, kabuki, mummers' plays, improvisational theatre, comedy, pantomime, and non-conventional or contemporary forms like postmodern theatre, postdramatic theatre, or performance art.

Trip the light fantastic toe [edit]

In the context of performing arts, trip the light fantastic generally refers to man movement, typically rhythmic and to music, used as a form of audience entertainment in a operation setting. Definitions of what constitutes trip the light fantastic toe are dependent on social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic, and moral constraints and range from functional movement (such every bit folk dance) to codified, virtuoso techniques such as ballet.^[4]

At that place is one another modern grade of dance that emerged in 19th- 20th century with the proper noun of Gratis dance style. This form of dance was structured to create a harmonious personality which included features such as physical and spiritual liberty. Isadora Duncan was the first female person dancer who argued about "adult female of future" and developed novel vector of choreography using Nietzsche's idea of "supreme mind in free mind".^[v]

Dance is a powerful impulse, but the art of dance is that impulse channeled by skillful performers into something that becomes intensely expressive and that may delight spectators who feel no wish to trip the light fantastic themselves. These two concepts of the fine art of dance—dance equally a powerful impulse and trip the light fantastic equally a skillfully choreographed art practiced largely by a professional few—are the two nearly important connecting ideas running through whatever consideration of the subject. In trip the light fantastic, the connection between the two concepts is stronger than in some other arts, and neither tin can exist without the other.^[four]

Choreography is the art of making dances, and the person who practices this art is called a choreographer.

Music [edit]

Music is an fine art class which combines pitch, rhythm, and dynamic to create sound. Information technology can be performed using a variety of instruments and styles and is divided into genres such as folk, jazz, hip hop, popular, and rock, etc. Every bit an art form, music tin can occur in alive or recorded formats, and tin exist planned or improvised.

As music is a protean art, it hands coordinates with words for songs as physical movements practice in dance. Moreover, information technology has a adequacy of shaping human behaviors as it impacts our emotions.^[6]

History [edit]

Western performing arts [edit]

Starting in the 6th century BC, the Classical menses of performing art began in Hellenic republic, ushered in by the tragic poets such as Sophocles. These poets wrote plays which, in some cases, incorporated dance (encounter Euripides). The Hellenistic period began the widespread use of comedy.

Even so, past the 6th century AD, Western performing arts had been largely ended, as the Nighttime Ages began. Between the ninth century and 14th century, performing art in the West was express to religious historical enactments and morality plays, organized past the Church building in celebration of holy days and other important events.

Renaissance [edit]

In the 15th century performing arts, forth with the arts in full general, saw a revival as the Renaissance began in Italy and spread throughout Europe plays, some of which incorporated trip the light fantastic toe, which were performed and Domenico da Piacenza credited with the first utilize of the term ballo (in De Arte Saltandi et Choreas Ducendi) instead of danza (dance) for his baletti or balli. The term eventually became Ballet. The offset Ballet per se is thought to exist Balthasar de Beaujoyeulx's Ballet Comique de la Reine (1581).

By the mid-16th century Commedia Dell'arte became popular in Europe, introducing the use of improvisation. This period besides introduced the Elizabethan masque, featuring music, trip the light fantastic toe and elaborate costumes equally well as professional theatrical companies in England. William Shakespeare'due south plays in the late 16th century developed from this new form of professional performance.

In 1597, the start opera, Dafne was performed and throughout the 17th century, opera would rapidly become the entertainment of option for the aristocracy in nearly of Europe, and somewhen for big numbers of people living in cities and towns throughout Europe.

Mod era [edit]

The introduction of the proscenium arch in Italy during the 17th century established the traditional theatre form that persists to this day. Meanwhile, in England, the Puritans forbade acting, bringing a halt to performing arts that lasted until 1660. Afterwards that, women began to announced in both French and English plays. The French introduced a formal dance instruction in the late 17th century.

It is besides during this time that the first plays were performed in the American Colonies.

During the 18th century, the introduction of the popular opera buffa brought opera to the masses as an attainable form of performance. Mozart'due south The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni are landmarks of the late 18th century opera.

At the plough of the 19th century, Beethoven and the Romantic movement ushered in a new era that led showtime to the spectacles of grand opera and then to the musical dramas of Giuseppe Verdi and the Gesamtkunstwerk (total work of art) of the operas of Richard Wagner leading directly to the music of the 20th century.

The 19th century was a menstruum of growth for the performing arts for all social classes, technical advances such as the introduction of gaslight to theatres, burlesque, minstrel dancing, and variety theatre. In ballet, women brand great progress in the previously male-dominated art.

Modernistic trip the light fantastic toe began in the late 19th century and early 20th century in response to the restrictions of traditional ballet. The arrival of Sergei Diaghilev'southward Ballets Russes (1909–1929) revolutionized ballet and the performing arts generally throughout the Western world, well-nigh importantly through Diaghilev'southward accent on collaboration, which brought choreographers, dancers, set designers/artists, composers and musicians together to revitalize and revolutionize ballet. It is extremely complex.

Konstantin Stanislavski's "System" revolutionized acting in the early 20th century, and continues to have a major influence on actors of stage and screen to the current day. Both impressionism and modern realism were introduced to the phase during this period.

With the invention of the movement picture in the late 19th century by Thomas Edison and the growth of the motion film manufacture in Hollywood in the early on 20th century, pic became a dominant performance medium throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.

Rhythm and dejection, a cultural phenomenon of black America, rose to prominence in the early on 20th century; influencing a range of later pop music styles internationally.

In the 1930s Jean Rosenthal introduced what would get modern stage lighting, irresolute the nature of the stage as the Broadway musical became a phenomenon in the United States.

Postwar [edit]

Post-World War II performing arts were highlighted by the resurgence of both ballet and opera in the Western world.

Modern street theatre performance in La Chaux-de-Fonds

Postmodernism in performing arts dominated the 1960s to big extent.^{[ citation needed ]}

Eastern performing arts [edit]

Middle Due east [edit]

The primeval recorded theatrical event dates back to 2000 BC with the passion plays of Ancient Egypt. The story of the god Osiris was performed annually at festivals throughout the civilization, marking the known beginning of a long relationship between theatre and organized religion.

The about popular forms of theater in the medieval Islamic world were boob theatre (which included mitt puppets, shadow plays and marionette productions) and live passion plays known as ta'ziya, where actors re-enact episodes from Muslim history. In particular, Shia Islamic plays revolved effectually the shaheed (martyrdom) of Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali. Alive secular plays were known as akhraja, recorded in medieval adab literature, though they were less mutual than puppetry and ta'ziya theater.^[7]

Valiollah Torabi, Iranian naqqāl (storyteller) of Shahnameh.

Iran [edit]

In Iran in that location are other forms of theatrical events such equally Naghali or Naqqāli (story telling), ٰRu-Howzi, Siah-Bazi, Parde-Khani, and Mareke giri. Prior to the twentieth century, storytelling was the well-nigh recognized class of entertainment, although today, some forms yet remain. Ane form, Naghali, was traditionally performed in coffeehouses where the storytellers, or Naghals (Naqqāls), merely recited sections of a story at a time, thus retaining regular cliental. These stories were based on events of historical or religious importance and many referenced poetry from the Shahnameh. Oftentimes these stories were altered to bail with the atmosphere or mood of the audience.^[8]

India [edit]

Gotikua folk dance is i of the well known performance performed by all boys group dressed in Indian ladies attire Saree

Folk theatre and dramatics tin be traced to the religious ritualism of the Vedic peoples in the 2nd millennium BC. This folk theatre of the misty past was mixed with dance, food, ritualism, plus a delineation of events from daily life. The last element fabricated it the origin of the classical theatre of later times. Many historians, notably D. D. Kosambi, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya, Adya Rangacharaya, etc. accept referred to the prevalence of ritualism among Indo-Aryan tribes in which some members of the tribe acted as if they were wild animals and some others were the hunters. Those who acted as mammals like goats, buffaloes, reindeer, monkeys, etc. were chased by those playing the part of hunters.

Bharata Muni (fl. fifth–2nd century BC) was an ancient Indian author best known for writing the Natya Shastra of Bharata, a theoretical treatise on Indian performing arts, including theatre, dance, acting, and music, which has been compared to Aristotle's Poetics. Bharata is often known as the father of Indian theatrical arts. His Natya Shastra seems to exist the first attempt to develop the technique or rather art, of drama in a systematic manner. The Natya Shastra tells us not only what is to exist portrayed in a drama, but how the portrayal is to exist done. Drama, as Bharata Muni says, is the false of men and their doings (loka-vritti). As men and their doings have to be respected on the phase, so drama in Sanskrit is too known by the term roopaka, which ways portrayal.

The Ramayana and Mahabharata can exist considered the offset recognized plays that originated in India. These epics provided the inspiration to the primeval Indian dramatists and they do it even today. Indian dramatists such as Bhāsa in the 2nd century BC wrote plays that were heavily inspired by the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

Kālidāsa in the 1st century BC, is arguably considered to exist ancient Republic of india's greatest dramatist. Three famous romantic plays written by Kālidāsa are the Mālavikāgnimitram (Mālavikā and Agnimitra), Vikramōrvaśīyam (Pertaining to Vikrama and Urvashi), and Abhijñānaśākuntala (The Recognition of Shakuntala). The terminal was inspired by a story in the Mahabharata and is the most famous. Information technology was the first to be translated into English and German language. In comparing to Bhāsa, who drew heavily from the epics, Kālidāsa tin be considered an original playwright.

The next corking Indian dramatist was Bhavabhuti (c. seventh century). He is said to have written the following three plays: Malati-Madhava, Mahaviracharita and Uttar Ramacharita. Among these three, the last two cover between them, the entire epic of Ramayana. The powerful Indian emperor Harsha (606–648) is credited with having written three plays: the comedy Ratnavali, Priyadarsika, and the Buddhist drama Nagananda. Many other dramatists followed during the Middle Ages.

There were many performing art forms in the southern part of India, Kerala is such a land with different such art forms like Koodiyattam, Nangyarkoothu, Kathakali, Chakyar koothu, Thirayattam and there were many prominent artists like Painkulam Raman Chakyar and others.

China [edit]

There are references to theatrical entertainments in China as early as 1500 BC during the Shang dynasty; they oftentimes involved music, clowning and acrobatic displays.

The Tang dynasty is sometimes known as "The Historic period of 1000 Entertainments". During this era, Emperor Xuanzong formed an acting school known as the Children of the Pear Garden to produce a class of drama that was primarily musical.

During the Han Dynasty, shadow puppetry first emerged equally a recognized form of theatre in Communist china. There were two distinct forms of shadow puppetry, Cantonese southern and Pekingese northern. The two styles were differentiated past the method of making the puppets and the positioning of the rods on the puppets, as opposed to the type of play performed by the puppets. Both styles generally performed plays depicting nifty chance and fantasy, rarely was this very stylized class of theatre used for political propaganda. Cantonese shadow puppets were the larger of the two. They were congenital using thick leather that created more substantial shadows. Symbolic color was also very prevalent; a black face up represented honesty, a carmine one bravery. The rods used to command Cantonese puppets were fastened perpendicular to the puppets' heads. Thus, they were not seen by the audience when the shadow was created. Pekingese puppets were more fragile and smaller. They were created out of thin, translucent leather ordinarily taken from the abdomen of a ass. They were painted with vibrant paints, thus they cast a very colorful shadow. The thin rods that controlled their movements were attached to a leather collar at the cervix of the puppet. The rods ran parallel to the bodies of the boob and so turned at a ninety caste angle to connect to the neck. While these rods were visible when the shadow was cast, they laid exterior the shadow of the boob; thus they did non interfere with the appearance of the figure. The rods attached at the necks to facilitate the utilise of multiple heads with one body. When the heads were not being used, they were stored in a muslin book or cloth lined box. The heads were ever removed at dark. This was in keeping with the old superstition that if left intact, the puppets would come to life at night. Some puppeteers went so far every bit to shop the heads in one volume and the bodies in some other, to further reduce the possibility of reanimating puppets. Shadow puppetry is said to have reached its highest indicate of artistic development in the 11th century before condign a tool of the government.

In the Song dynasty, there were many popular plays involving acrobatics and music. These developed in the Yuan dynasty into a more sophisticated form with a four- or v-human activity structure. Yuan drama spread across China and diversified into numerous regional forms, the best known of which is Beijing Opera, which is still pop today.

Thailand [edit]

In Thailand, it has been a tradition from the Eye Ages to phase plays based on plots drawn from Indian epics. In particular, the theatrical version of Thailand's national epic Ramakien, a version of the Indian Ramayana, remains popular in Thailand even today.

Cambodia [edit]

In Cambodia, inscriptions dating back to the sixth century AD indicates evidences of dancers at a local temple and using puppetry for religious plays. At the ancient capital Angkor Wat, stories from the Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata take been carved on the walls of temples and palaces. Like reliefs are constitute at Borobudur in Indonesia.

Philippines [edit]

In the Philippines, the famous epic poem Ibong Adarna, originally titled "Korido at Buhay na Pinagdaanan ng Tatlong Prinsipeng Magkakapatid na anak nina Haring Fernando at Reyna Valeriana sa Kahariang Berbania" (English: "Corrido and Life Lived by the Three Princes, children of Male monarch Fernando and Queen Valeriana in the Kingdom of Berbania") from the 16th century was written by José de la Cruz during the Spanish era. Aside from theatrical performances, different films were produced by different film studios/ television productions. The first produced "Ang Ibong Adarna" moving picture was produced by LVN Pictures, the biggest picture studio in the history of the Philippines.

Florante at Laura is an "awit" or a poem consisting of 12-syllable quatrains with the total title "Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at ni Laura sa Kahariang Albanya" (English language: "The History of Florante and Laura in the Kingdom of Republic of albania") was written by Francisco Balagtas in 1838 during his imprisonment dedicated to his sweetheart Maria Asuncuion Rivera (nicknamed "M.A.R.", referenced to as "Selya"). The poem has a special part entitled "Kay Selya" (English: "For Celia") specially defended for Rivera.

The Philippine'south national hero, José Rizal who is also a novelist, created the 2 famous poems in the Philippines, Noli Me Tángere (Latin for "Touch me not", with an acute accent added on the last word in accordance with Spanish orthography) (1887) that describes perceived inequities of the Castilian Cosmic friars and the ruling regime and El Filibusterismo (translations: The filibusterism; The Subversive or The Subversion, as in the Locsín English translation, are besides possible translations, also known by its alternative English championship The Reign of Greed) (1891). The novel'due south dark theme departs dramatically from the previous novel's hopeful and romantic atmosphere, signifying Ibarra's resort to solving his country's problems through violent means, after his previous effort in reforming the state's system made no event and seemed impossible with the corrupt mental attitude of the Spaniards toward the Filipinos. These novels were written during the colonization of the Philippines by the Castilian Empire.

All of these literary pieces were nether the curriculum of the M-12 Program for Inferior High Schools, Ibong Adarna is under the Grade 7 Curriculum; Florante at Laura (Class 8); Noli Me Tángere (Grade 9); and El Filibusterismo (Grade 10).

Japan [edit]

During the 14th century, there were modest companies of actors in Japan who performed curt, sometimes vulgar comedies. A manager of one of these companies, Kan'ami (1333–1384), had a son, Zeami Motokiyo (1363–1443), who was considered one of the finest child actors in Japan. When Kan'ami's company performed for Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358–1408), the shōgun of Nihon, he implored Zeami to take a court education for his arts.^[9] After Zeami succeeded his father, he connected to perform and adapt his way into what is today Noh. A mixture of pantomime and song acrobatics, the Noh style of theatre has get one of Japan's virtually refined forms of theatrical functioning.^[10]

Japan, after a long menstruation of ceremonious wars and political disarray, was unified and at peace primarily due to shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu (1600–1668). However, alarmed at the increasing numbers of Christians within the country due to the proselytizing efforts of Christian missionaries, he cutting off contact from Japan to Europe and Red china and outlawed Christianity. When peace did come, a flourish of cultural influence and growing merchant course demanded its ain entertainment. The beginning form of theatre to flourish was Ningyō jōruri (unremarkably referred to equally Bunraku). The founder of and main contributor to Ningyō jōruri, Chikamatsu Monzaemon (1653–1725), turned his grade of theatre into a true fine art grade. Ningyō jōruri is a highly stylized form of theatre using puppets, today nigh 1⁄3rd the size of a human. The men who control the puppets railroad train their entire lives to go master puppeteers, when they can then operate the boob's head and right arm and cull to show their faces during the performance. The other puppeteers, controlling the less important limbs of the boob, cover themselves and their faces in a blackness suit, to imply their invisibility. The dialogue is handled past a unmarried person, who uses varied tones of phonation and speaking manners to simulate unlike characters. Chikamatsu wrote thousands of plays during his lifetime, near of which are still used today.

Kabuki began before long afterward Bunraku, legend has it by an extra named Okuni, who lived around the end of the 16th century. Most of kabuki'due south cloth came from Noh and Bunraku, and its erratic dance-type movements are also an effect of Bunraku. All the same, kabuki is less formal and more afar than Noh, yet very popular amidst the Japanese public. Actors are trained in many varied things including dancing, singing, pantomime, and even acrobatics. Kabuki was first performed by young girls, so by immature boys, and by the end of the 16th century, kabuki companies consisted of all men. The men who portrayed women on phase were specifically trained to elicit the essence of a woman in their subtle movements and gestures.

History of African performing arts [edit]

This section needs expansion. Yous can aid past adding to it. (February 2021)

History of performing arts in the Americas [edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (Feb 2021)

History of performing arts in Oceania [edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2021)

Ofttimes, Melanesian trip the light fantastic toe exhibits a cultural theme of masculinity where leadership and a unique skill set are important for sharing with the community.^[11] These dances demonstrate the soldiery of a man, however they can also represent profitability such every bit encouraging conflict resolutions or healing.^[12] The costumes of impersonating dancers incorporate big masks and unhuman-like characteristics that deed to imitate mythical figures. The music can too deed as a vox for these magical personas.^[11]

Encounter likewise [edit]

• Entertainment
• Outline of performing arts
• Performing arts education
• Performing arts presenters
• United states of america copyright law in the performing arts
• Pamela D, Franklin Cultural Heart for the Performing Arts
• Western farsi theatre
• Theatre of Japan
• Western culture

References [edit]

1. ^ "the-performing-arts substantive - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Avant-garde Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com". www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com . Retrieved 19 Jan 2021.
2. ^ Oliver, Sophie Anne (February 2010). "Trauma, Bodies, and Functioning Fine art: Towards an Embodied Ethics of Seeing". Continuum. 24: 119–129. doi:10.1080/10304310903362775. S2CID 145689520.
3. ^ Mackrell, Judith R. (19 May 2017). "trip the light fantastic". Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
4. ^ ^{a b} Mackrell, Judith. "Trip the light fantastic". Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 11 March 2015.
5. ^ Nana, Loria (thirty June 2015). "Philosophical Context of Contemporary Choreographic Space". Musicology & Cultural Scientific discipline. 11 (1): 64–67.
6. ^ Epperson, Gordan (11 April 2016). "music". Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
7. ^ Moreh, Shmuel (1986), "Alive Theater in Medieval Islam", in David Ayalon; Moshe Sharon (eds.), Studies in Islamic History and Civilization, Brill Publishers, pp. 565–601, ISBN978-965-264-014-7
8. ^ ""Memory of a Phoenix Plumage" - ProQuest". world wide web.proquest.com. ProQuest 209398361. Retrieved twenty September 2021.
9. ^ "the-noh.com : The Words of Zeami : His Dramatic Life". www.the-noh.com . Retrieved 19 September 2021.
10. ^ Bowers, Faubion (1974). Japanese theatre. Rutland, Vt.: C.Due east. Tuttle Co. ISBN0-8048-1131-8. OCLC 1211914.
11. ^ ^{a b} "Oceanic music and dance". Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved two October 2021.
12. ^ "Document unavailable - ProQuest". world wide web.proquest.com. ProQuest 222380632. Retrieved 2 Oct 2021.

External links [edit]

• Bibliography of Performing Arts In The East
• European Collected Library on Performing Arts

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performing_arts

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